It really depends. If they drop within sight and are obviously dead, 5 minutes. If you hear them go down quickly but cannot tell whether they are dead, 30 minutes. If you are unsure of the shot and cannot locate your arrow to validate the hit, 6 hours.
See em fall, 5-10'
Feel good about the shot, arrow looks good (bright bubbly blood all over it) but dont see the deer fall, and think you hear it fall: 20-60'
Feel ok about the shot, didnt hear or see it fall, arrow has darkish blood on it 4-6hrs.
Pretty sure it was shot in the paunch, arrow may have some blood, some greenish goo or "food chunks" on it... 12 hrs.
Spine hit and it drops - if you can put another in the vitals ASAP - then follow the see em fall guidelines.
Some times body language tells a lot as well. If the deer looks really stiff and hunched up, head kind of low as it walks/runs off, you likely gut shot it (12hr rule). If it mule kicks or just runs like a bat out of H that can be a good sign for 20' to 4hrs... but I find they are less predictable in body language after less than ideal shots then they are after bad shots.
The happiest body language at all, a deer that is walking and looks drunk OR who's tail is spastically moving. Both typically happen just before the deer expires.
Hopefully woody posts on here - he always posts good stuff on this subject!
Get down and look for your arrow. Chech what you see on the arrow. Above comments on the arrow are good and will tell you a bunch about your shot placement.
Then look for blood around the area to see and confirm which way he took off.
Before you climb out of the stand, make sure you confirm the direction he took off. Connect the direction with some land amrks. Once on the ground things will look different.
Also, as it is you first time bow hunting, be safe. Give yourself some time to settle down before climbing down. The adrenaline rush is fantastic and you just want to be careful climbing down.
Good luck and have fun!
HAAAAAAA!!!!! Great one!
Finding Wounded Deer By: John Trout Jr.
http://www.amazon.com/Finding-Wounded-Deer-John-Trout/dp/0970749309
If it dies in 15 minutes waiting 1 hour will not hurt anything.
If you know you gut shot it wat 10-12 hours.
If you kick it up and it takes off back out very slowly and quetly and wait 6-8 hrs.
No matter what when you do track do it as quietly as possible...
I know so many guys who start tracking in 10-15 minutes everytime they hit a deer. I also see them having the hardest recovery as well.
If you see them go down (GO down, not BED down), watch closely for a few minutes and go to it.
If I made a good shot I sit quietly for 30 minutes (that includes NOT even getting out of the stand or blind for 30 minutes). Then look for the arrow and initial blood sign. Then start blood trailing acording to what that tells me. If I find sign of a liver hit, I back off and wait another full hour.
For a gut shot (did this once) come back the next morning. A gut shot is fatal, but the deer will need some time. In most cases, a gut-shot deer still won't go much farther than the nearest bedding area unless it's pushed. Resist the temptation to go after it early. If you want to recover a gut-shot animal, you will need to wait, 12 to 24 hours.
NO WAY I'm tracking a gut shot in 4 hours and even with 'perfect' close shots things happen. Unless you see them drop u don't know until you see the arrow. Even then being a bit more conservative than 5 minutes will lead to a lot more filled tags ans less 'bounding' sounds during a track job IMO.
One thing nice about deer that die one minute after they are shot. They travel no further and are still dead hours later!
Not so true if they are still even a little bit alive.
A well hit archry deer often times will go down within sight if not within steps of being struck by the broadhead
I always wait before tracking a critter that has went out of sight after the hit. As you stated you were making the switch from rifle I just wanted to point out a deer still can die quick from an arrow. I had a cow elk go down this year within 20 seconds of a arrow going thru her lungs. A hop a couple steps then her head started bobbing and she piled. 15-20 seconds less than 30 yards total.
PATIENCE is the life jacket on EVERY SINGLE arrow hit animal....except leg hits
Taking the trail too soon is STILL the number one mistake for novice and seasoned bowhunters alike.
This weekend I put a buddy on a really nice buck and I was sick at learning that he had gotten down and jumped the buck out of his first bed......I've harped and harped and anyone who has ever been around me has heard my mantra.
Patience also supercedes any diagnostic ability to recreate what the arrow traversed on the shot......
Her are some SAFE numbers.
Drop in tracks,start slinging arrows
See them go down 1/2 to 1 hr.
Hear them go down.....you heard nothing....4 hrs
Deer walks off....humped up 12 hrs......gonna rain....still 12 hrs and then very slowly,glassing ahead of yourself.
As time rolls on you will be a better diagnostician but at the present use father time to your advantage and resist the tight leash need to get to your prize "early".
Don't let coyotes factor either